Trafficking refers to the operational process used to set up and launch an ad campaign. Trafficking processes exist on both the demand-side and the supply-side. On the demand-side, it usually involves ad operations personnel on the media agency side, executing campaign workflows on their 3rd party ad server or demand side platforms.
On the supply-side, it usually involves ad operations personnel on the publisher side, executing complementary campaign workflows on their publisher-side ad server or supply-side platforms. Because so much of attribution relies on firing impression, click and conversion trackers through Javascript or Pixel trackers — these are usually set up and implemented as part of the trafficking process by ad operations people on the demand-side.